
The ankle joint is where the tibia, or shin bone, connects with the talus bone in the foot. It is supported by the medial malleolus of the tibia on the inside of the ankle and the lateral malleolus on the outside. These structures work together with ligaments, tendons, and muscles to allow movement, provide stability, and bear body weight. When biomechanics are not correct, it can lead to injuries such as sprains, fractures, tendonitis, or chronic instability. A podiatrist can assess ankle alignment, identify underlying issues, and provide treatments such as custom orthotics, and strengthening exercises. If you experience ankle pain, weakness, or repeated injuries, it is suggested that you promptly seek podiatric care to restore proper biomechanics, and improve function.
If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Howard Waxman, DPM from Pleasant Valley Podiatry. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.
Biomechanics in Podiatry
Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.
A History of Biomechanics
Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.
Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.
If you have any questions please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Willoughby Hills and Broadview Heights, OH . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Hammertoe is a common problem that causes one of the smaller toes to bend abnormally at the middle joint, often leading to pain, stiffness, or pressure from shoes. Hammertoe typically develops over time due to muscle imbalance in the foot or from wearing shoes with a narrow toe box or that lack adequate support. In some cases, foot issues like flat feet or bunions also contribute to hammertoe formation. In the early stages, hammertoe may still be flexible and has been found to improve with changes like wearing custom orthotics or more supportive footwear. However, if the toe deformity becomes rigid or painful, surgery may be needed to correct the joint position. Based on the severity and progression of the deformity, a podiatrist can recommend appropriate treatment, including surgery, when necessary. If you have developed a hammertoe that is causing persistent pain, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for an exam and appropriate treatment.
Hammertoes can be a painful condition to live with. For more information, contact Howard Waxman, DPM of Pleasant Valley Podiatry. Our doctor will answer any of your foot- and ankle-related questions.
Hammertoe
Hammertoe is a foot deformity that occurs due to an imbalance in the muscles, tendons, or ligaments that normally hold the toe straight. It can be caused by the type of shoes you wear, your foot structure, trauma, and certain disease processes.
Symptoms
Risk Factors
Treatment
If you have hammertoe, you should change into a more comfortable shoe that provides enough room for your toes. Exercises such as picking up marbles may strengthen and stretch your toe muscles. Nevertheless, it is important to seek assistance from a podiatrist in order to determine the severity of your hammertoe and see which treatment option will work best for you.
If you have any questions, please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Willoughby Hills and Broadview Heights, OH . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Peripheral neuropathy in the feet occurs when nerve damage leads to impaired communication between the brain and the lower extremities. This condition can be caused by diabetes, infections, vitamin deficiencies, autoimmune disorders, or exposure to toxins. Risk factors include uncontrolled blood sugar, excessive alcohol use, and certain medical treatments. Symptoms include numbness, tingling, burning sensations, sharp pain, or loss of balance, which can increase the risk of falls and injuries. A podiatrist can help by performing a thorough evaluation, recommending protective footwear, and providing foot care guidance. If you experience persistent numbness or pain in your feet, it is suggested that you are under the care of a podiatrist who can help you to manage this condition.
Neuropathy
Neuropathy can be a potentially serious condition, especially if it is left undiagnosed. If you have any concerns that you may be experiencing nerve loss in your feet, consult with Howard Waxman, DPM from Pleasant Valley Podiatry. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment for neuropathy.
What Is Neuropathy?
Neuropathy is a condition that leads to damage to the nerves in the body. Peripheral neuropathy, or neuropathy that affects your peripheral nervous system, usually occurs in the feet. Neuropathy can be triggered by a number of different causes. Such causes include diabetes, infections, cancers, disorders, and toxic substances.
Symptoms of Neuropathy Include:
Those with diabetes are at serious risk due to being unable to feel an ulcer on their feet. Diabetics usually also suffer from poor blood circulation. This can lead to the wound not healing, infections occurring, and the limb may have to be amputated.
Treatment
To treat neuropathy in the foot, podiatrists will first diagnose the cause of the neuropathy. Figuring out the underlying cause of the neuropathy will allow the podiatrist to prescribe the best treatment, whether it be caused by diabetes, toxic substance exposure, infection, etc. If the nerve has not died, then it’s possible that sensation may be able to return to the foot.
Pain medication may be issued for pain. Electrical nerve stimulation can be used to stimulate nerves. If the neuropathy is caused from pressure on the nerves, then surgery may be necessary.
If you have any questions, please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Willoughby Hills and Broadview Heights, OH . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Ingrown toenails can be painful and may require surgery if they repeatedly grow into the skin or lead to infection. Ingrown toenail surgery is often considered when conservative care fails or if the nail causes swelling, drainage, or difficulty walking. During this procedure, a podiatrist may remove part or all of the nail, and, in some cases, also treat the nail bed to help prevent the problem from returning. The surgery may also involve removing built-up tissue surrounding the nail or draining infected fluid. To reduce the chance of future issues, the remaining nail edge is shaped to avoid pressing into the surrounding skin. This procedure is usually done under local anesthesia, and the foot must be kept clean afterward to support healing and lower the risk of infection. A podiatrist can evaluate the condition of the toe and determine whether surgery is the best choice for relief. If you have a problem ingrown toenail, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for an exam and appropriate treatment options.
Foot surgery is sometimes necessary to treat a foot ailment. To learn more, contact Howard Waxman, DPM of Pleasant Valley Podiatry. Our doctor will assist you with all of your foot and ankle needs.
When Is Surgery Necessary?
Foot and ankle surgery is generally reserved for cases in which less invasive, conservative procedures have failed to alleviate the problem. Some of the cases in which surgery may be necessary include:
What Types of Surgery Are There?
The type of surgery you receive will depend on the nature of the problem you have. Some of the possible surgeries include:
Benefits of Surgery
Although surgery is usually a last resort, it can provide more complete pain relief compared to non-surgical methods and may allow you to finally resume full activity.
Surgical techniques have also become increasingly sophisticated. Techniques like endoscopic surgery allow for smaller incisions and faster recovery times.
If you have any questions, please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Willoughby Hills and Broadview Heights, OH . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.